MongoDB 中的文档与 SQL 数据库中的记录相同。

插入集合

要在 MongoDB 中把记录或我们所称的文档插入集合，我们使用 insert_one() 方法。

insert_one() 方法的第一个参数是字典，其中包含希望插入文档中的每个字段名称和值。

示例代码：

在 "customers" 集合中插入记录：

import pymongo
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mydict = { "name": "Bill", "address": "Highway 37" }
x = mycol.insert_one(mydict)

完整实例：

import pymongo
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017/')
mydb = myclient['mydatabase']
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mydict = { "name": "John", "address": "Highway 37" }
x = mycol.insert_one(mydict)
print(x)

返回 _id 字段

insert_one() 方法返回 InsertOneResult 对象，该对象拥有属性 inserted_id，用于保存插入文档的 id。

示例代码：

在 "customers" 集合中插入另一条记录，并返回 _id 字段的值：

mydict = { "name": "Peter", "address": "Lowstreet 27" }
x = mycol.insert_one(mydict)
print(x.inserted_id)

完整实例：

import pymongo
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017/')
mydb = myclient['mydatabase']
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mydict = { "name": "Peter", "address": "Lowstreet 27" }
x = mycol.insert_one(mydict)
print(x.inserted_id)

如果您没有指定 _id 字段，那么 MongoDB 将为您添加一个，并为每个文档分配一个唯一的 ID。

在上例中，没有指定 _id 字段，因此 MongoDB 为记录（文档）分配了唯一的 _id。

插入多个文档

要将多个文档插入 MongoDB 中的集合，我们使用 insert_many() 方法。

insert_many() 方法的第一个参数是包含字典的列表，其中包含要插入的数据：

示例代码：

import pymongo
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mylist = [
  { "name": "Amy", "address": "Apple st 652"},
  { "name": "Hannah", "address": "Mountain 21"},
  { "name": "Michael", "address": "Valley 345"},
  { "name": "Sandy", "address": "Ocean blvd 2"},
  { "name": "Betty", "address": "Green Grass 1"},
  { "name": "Richard", "address": "Sky st 331"},
  { "name": "Susan", "address": "One way 98"},
  { "name": "Vicky", "address": "Yellow Garden 2"},
  { "name": "Ben", "address": "Park Lane 38"},
  { "name": "William", "address": "Central st 954"},
  { "name": "Chuck", "address": "Main Road 989"},
  { "name": "Viola", "address": "Sideway 1633"}
]
x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)
# 打印被插入文档的  _id 值列表：
print(x.inserted_ids)

完整实例：

import pymongo
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mylist = [
  { "name": "Amy", "address": "Apple st 652"},
  { "name": "Hannah", "address": "Mountain 21"},
  { "name": "Michael", "address": "Valley 345"},
  { "name": "Sandy", "address": "Ocean blvd 2"},
  { "name": "Betty", "address": "Green Grass 1"},
  { "name": "Richard", "address": "Sky st 331"},
  { "name": "Susan", "address": "One way 98"},
  { "name": "Vicky", "address": "Yellow Garden 2"},
  { "name": "Ben", "address": "Park Lane 38"},
  { "name": "William", "address": "Central st 954"},
  { "name": "Chuck", "address": "Main Road 989"},
  { "name": "Viola", "address": "Sideway 1633"}
]
x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)
#print list of the _id values of the inserted documents:
print(x.inserted_ids)

insert_many() 方法返回 InsertManyResult 对象，该对象拥有属性 inserted_ids，用于保存被插入文档的 id。

插入带有指定 ID 的多个文档

如果您不希望 MongoDB 为您的文档分配唯一 id，则可以在插入文档时指定 _id 字段。

请记住，值必须是唯一的。两个文件不能有相同的 _id。

示例代码：

import pymongo
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mylist = [
  { "_id": 1, "name": "John", "address": "Highway 37"},
  { "_id": 2, "name": "Peter", "address": "Lowstreet 27"},
  { "_id": 3, "name": "Amy", "address": "Apple st 652"},
  { "_id": 4, "name": "Hannah", "address": "Mountain 21"},
  { "_id": 5, "name": "Michael", "address": "Valley 345"},
  { "_id": 6, "name": "Sandy", "address": "Ocean blvd 2"},
  { "_id": 7, "name": "Betty", "address": "Green Grass 1"},
  { "_id": 8, "name": "Richard", "address": "Sky st 331"},
  { "_id": 9, "name": "Susan", "address": "One way 98"},
  { "_id": 10, "name": "Vicky", "address": "Yellow Garden 2"},
  { "_id": 11, "name": "Ben", "address": "Park Lane 38"},
  { "_id": 12, "name": "William", "address": "Central st 954"},
  { "_id": 13, "name": "Chuck", "address": "Main Road 989"},
  { "_id": 14, "name": "Viola", "address": "Sideway 1633"}
]
x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)
# 打印被插入文档的  _id 值列表：
print(x.inserted_ids)

完整实例：

import pymongo
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mylist = [
  { "_id": 1, "name": "John", "address": "Highway 37"},
  { "_id": 2, "name": "Peter", "address": "Lowstreet 27"},
  { "_id": 3, "name": "Amy", "address": "Apple st 652"},
  { "_id": 4, "name": "Hannah", "address": "Mountain 21"},
  { "_id": 5, "name": "Michael", "address": "Valley 345"},
  { "_id": 6, "name": "Sandy", "address": "Ocean blvd 2"},
  { "_id": 7, "name": "Betty", "address": "Green Grass 1"},
  { "_id": 8, "name": "Richard", "address": "Sky st 331"},
  { "_id": 9, "name": "Susan", "address": "One way 98"},
  { "_id": 10, "name": "Vicky", "address": "Yellow Garden 2"},
  { "_id": 11, "name": "Ben", "address": "Park Lane 38"},
  { "_id": 12, "name": "William", "address": "Central st 954"},
  { "_id": 13, "name": "Chuck", "address": "Main Road 989"},
  { "_id": 14, "name": "Viola", "address": "Sideway 1633"}
]
x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)
#print a list of the _id values of the inserted documents:
print(x.inserted_ids)