Python 运算符
Python基础 2022-06-06 12:52:44小码哥的IT人生shichen
Python 运算符
Python 运算符
运算符用于对变量和值执行操作。
Python 在以下组中划分运算符:
- 算术运算符
- 赋值运算符
- 比较运算符
- 逻辑运算符
- 身份运算符
- 成员运算符
- 位运算符
Python 算术运算符
算术运算符与数值一起使用来执行常见的数学运算:
运算符 | 名称 | 实例 | 试一试 |
---|---|---|---|
+ | 加 | x + y | 试一试 |
- | 减 | x - y | 试一试 |
* | 乘 | x * y | 试一试 |
/ | 除 | x / y | 试一试 |
% | 取模 | x % y | 试一试 |
** | 幂 | x ** y | 试一试 |
// | 地板除(取整除) | x // y | 试一试 |
Python 赋值运算符
赋值运算符用于为变量赋值:
运算符 | 实例 | 等同于 | 试一试 |
---|---|---|---|
= | x = 5 | x = 5 | 试一试 |
+= | x += 3 | x = x + 3 | 试一试 |
-= | x -= 3 | x = x - 3 | 试一试 |
*= | x *= 3 | x = x * 3 | 试一试 |
/= | x /= 3 | x = x / 3 | 试一试 |
%= | x %= 3 | x = x % 3 | 试一试 |
//= | x //= 3 | x = x // 3 | 试一试 |
**= | x **= 3 | x = x ** 3 | 试一试 |
&= | x &= 3 | x = x & 3 | 试一试 |
|= | x |= 3 | x = x | 3 | 试一试 |
^= | x ^= 3 | x = x ^ 3 | 试一试 |
>>= | x >>= 3 | x = x >> 3 | 试一试 |
<<= | x <<= 3 | x = x << 3 | 试一试 |
Python 比较运算符
比较运算符用于比较两个值:
运算符 | 名称 | 实例 | 试一试 |
---|---|---|---|
== | 等于 | x == y | 试一试 |
!= | 不等于 | x != y | 试一试 |
> | 大于 | x > y | 试一试 |
< | 小于 | x < y | 试一试 |
>= | 大于或等于 | x >= y | 试一试 |
<= | 小于或等于 | x <= y | 试一试 |
Python 逻辑运算符
逻辑运算符用于组合条件语句:
运算符 | 描述 | 实例 | 试一试 |
---|---|---|---|
and | 如果两个语句都为真,则返回 True。 | x > 3 and x < 10 | 试一试 |
or | 如果其中一个语句为真,则返回 True。 | x > 3 or x < 4 | 试一试 |
not | 反转结果,如果结果为 true,则返回 False | not(x > 3 and x < 10) | 试一试 |
Python 身份运算符
身份运算符用于比较对象,不是比较它们是否相等,但如果它们实际上是同一个对象,则具有相同的内存位置:
运算符 | 描述 | 实例 | 试一试 |
---|---|---|---|
is | 如果两个变量是同一个对象,则返回 true。 | x is y | 试一试 |
is not | 如果两个变量不是同一个对象,则返回 true。 | x is not y | 试一试 |
Python 成员运算符
成员资格运算符用于测试序列是否在对象中出现:
运算符 | 描述 | 实例 | 试一试 |
---|---|---|---|
in | 如果对象中存在具有指定值的序列,则返回 True。 | x in y | 试一试 |
not in | 如果对象中不存在具有指定值的序列,则返回 True。 | x not in y | 试一试 |
Python 位运算符
位运算符用于比较(二进制)数字:
运算符 | 描述 | 实例 |
---|---|---|
& | AND | 如果两个位均为 1,则将每个位设为 1。 |
| | OR | 如果两位中的一位为 1,则将每个位设为 1。 |
^ | XOR | 如果两个位中只有一位为 1,则将每个位设为 1。 |
~ | NOT | 反转所有位。 |
<< | Zero fill left shift | 通过从右侧推入零来向左移动,推掉最左边的位。 |
>> | Signed right shift | 通过从左侧推入最左边的位的副本向右移动,推掉最右边的位。 |
完整实例1:
x = 5
y = 3
print(x + y)
完整实例2:
x = 5
y = 3
print(x - y)
完整实例3:
x = 5
y = 3
print(x * y)
完整实例4:
x = 15
y = 3
print(x / y)
完整实例5:
x = 5
y = 2
print(x % y)
完整实例6:
x = 2
y = 5
print(x ** y) #same as 2*2*2*2*2
完整实例7:
x = 15
y = 2
print(x // y)
#the floor division // rounds the result down to the nearest whole number
完整实例8:
x = 5
print(x)
完整实例9:
x = 5
x += 3
print(x)
完整实例10:
x = 5
x -= 3
print(x)
完整实例11:
x = 5
x *= 3
print(x)
完整实例12:
x = 5
x /= 3
print(x)
完整实例13:
x = 5
x%=3
print(x)
完整实例14:
x = 5
x//=3
print(x)
完整实例15:
x = 5
x **= 3
print(x)
完整实例16:
x = 5
x &= 3
print(x)
完整实例17:
x = 5
x |= 3
print(x)
完整实例18:
x = 5
x ^= 3
print(x)
完整实例19:
x = 5
x >>= 3
print(x)
完整实例20:
x = 5
x <<= 3
print(x)
完整实例21:
x = 5
y = 3
print(x == y)
# returns False because 5 is not equal to 3
完整实例22:
x = 5
y = 3
print(x != y)
# returns True because 5 is not equal to 3
完整实例23:
x = 5
y = 3
print(x > y)
# returns True because 5 is greater than 3
完整实例24:
x = 5
y = 3
print(x < y)
# returns False because 5 is not less than 3
完整实例25:
x = 5
y = 3
print(x >= y)
# returns True because five is greater, or equal, to 3
完整实例26:
x = 5
y = 3
print(x <= y)
# returns False because 5 is neither less than or equal to 3
完整实例27:
x = 5
print(x > 3 and x < 10)
# returns True because 5 is greater than 3 AND 5 is less than 10
完整实例28:
x = 5
print(x > 3 or x < 4)
# returns True because one of the conditions are true (5 is greater than 3, but 5 is not less than 4)
完整实例29:
x = 5
print(not(x > 3 and x < 10))
# returns False because not is used to reverse the result
完整实例30:
x = ["apple", "banana"]
y = ["apple", "banana"]
z = x
print(x is z)
# returns True because z is the same object as x
print(x is y)
# returns False because x is not the same object as y, even if they have the same content
print(x == y)
# to demonstrate the difference betweeen "is" and "==": this comparison returns True because x is equal to y
完整实例31:
x = ["apple", "banana"]
y = ["apple", "banana"]
z = x
print(x is not z)
# returns False because z is the same object as x
print(x is not y)
# returns True because x is not the same object as y, even if they have the same content
print(x != y)
# to demonstrate the difference betweeen "is not" and "!=": this comparison returns False because x is equal to y
完整实例32:
x = ["apple", "banana"]
print("banana" in x)
# returns True because a sequence with the value "banana" is in the list
完整实例33:
x = ["apple", "banana"]
print("pineapple" not in x)
# returns True because a sequence with the value "pineapple" is not in the list